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Sample Application using JAX-WS, JSF, Spring, and Java

Posted by caroljmcdonald on September 28, 2007 at 11:41 PM EDT

Sample Application using JAX-WS, JSF, Spring, and Java Persistence APIs on Glassfish

eBay and Amazon provide Web Services APIs for developers who want to provide access to these services in their web site. This Sample Store Catalog application shows how to expose a  Service as a Web Service for remote client applications (this example was not modeled after the eBay or Amazon APIs).

This example demonstrates a Catalog Spring Bean, and the Java Persistence APIs to implement a Catalog Service which provides pagination of store items,  and JAX-WS to expose this Catalog Service as a Web Service. A separate example JSF JAX-WS client shows how this Catalog Web Service can then be used remotely in a sample Store web site.   I took this example Sample Application using JSF, Spring 2.0, and Java Persistence APIs and modified the Catalog Spring Bean to expose its public methods as Web Services, then I put the JSF Store UI in a separate Web Application and modified it to use JAX-WS to call the Catalog Web Services.

Download the Sample Application Code

Explanation of the usage of  JAX-WS,  JSF, Spring, and Java Persistence APIs in a sample Store Catalog Application

The image below shows the Catalog Listing page, which allows a user to page through a list of items in a store.

listpage.jpg


Explanation of the Catalog Web Service which uses JAX-WS, JPA, and Spring 2.0

The Catalog Spring Bean  uses a JPA EntityManager Query object to return a list of items. With the @PersistenceContext annotation, the CatalogBean uses dependency injection to lookup and obtain a Container Managed EntityManager (note that using the @PersistenceContext annotation is the same way an Entity Manager is injected for a EJB 3.0 Session Bean.) .  The @WebService annotation marks this class as a web service, and causes any public methods to be exposed as Web Services.  The example JSF Web Service client uses the Catalog Web Service getItems method to get the Items for displaying on the Web Store UI .   (Note: Red colors are for Java EE tags, annotations code, Blue for Spring and Green for my code or variables)

Code Sample from: Catalog.java

  @WebService
  @Repository
  @Transactional
  public class Catalog implements CatalogService {
  
    @PersistenceContext(unitName="PetCatalogPu")
    private EntityManager em;

    public List<Item>  getItems(int firstItem,int batchSize) {     
       Query q = em.createQuery("select object(o) from Item as o");
       q.setMaxResults(batchSize);
       q.setFirstResult(firstItem);
       List<Item> items= q.getResultList();
       return items;     
   }
   



The code below shows the Item entity class which maps to the  ITEM table that stores the item instances. This is a typical Java Persistence entity object.  For more information on this code see this previous blog.

Code Sample from: Item.java

@Entity

public class Item implements java.io.Serializable {

    @Id  
    private String itemID;
    private String name;   
    private String description;   
    private String imageurl;    
    private BigDecimal price;
    @OneToOne(cascade={CascadeType.PERSIST})
    private Address address;
    
    public Item() { }
     
    public String getItemID() {
        return itemID;
    }
    public void setItemID(String itemID) {
        this.itemID = itemID;
    }
    // getters and setters for other item attributes
    ...
}   



When this application is deployed,  the JAXB,  JAX-WS, and WSDL files needed for the Service will be generated on the server. You can access the Catalog WSDL contract at this URL: http://localhost:8080/SpringWS-war/CatalogService?wsdl .  Below is part of the WSDL, you can see that the Catalog class name defaults to the portType name and the getItems method name defaults to the operation name (defaults can be changed using annotations, see the Java EE tutorial for more information).


Code Sample from: CatalogService.wsdl

<portType name="Catalog">
    <operation name="getItems">
       <input message="tns:getItems"/>
       <output message="tns:getItemsResponse"/>
    </operation>
</portType>
...
  <service name="CatalogService">
    <port name="CatalogPort" binding="tns:CatalogPortBinding">
      <soap:address location="http://host:8080/SpringWS-war/CatalogService" />
    </port>
  </service>

Here is part of the generated xml Schema for the WSDL getItems response message:


Code Sample from: CatalogService.xsd

<xs:complexType name="getItemsResponse">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="return" type="tns:item" />
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:complexType name="item">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="address" type="tns:address" minOccurs="0"/>
      <xs:element name="contactinfo" type="tns:sellercontactinfo" minOccurs="0"/>
      <xs:element name="description" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
      <xs:element name="disabled" type="xs:int"/>
      <xs:element name="imagethumburl" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
      <xs:element name="imageurl" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
      <xs:element name="itemid" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
      <xs:element name="name" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
      <xs:element name="numberofvotes" type="xs:int"/>
      <xs:element name="price" type="xs:decimal" minOccurs="0"/>
      <xs:element name="totalscore" type="xs:int"/>
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>


and the corresponding generated JAXB class:

Code Sample from: GetItemResponse.java

@XmlRootElement(name = "getItemResponse")
@XmlType(name = "getItemResponse")
public class GetItemResponse {

    @XmlElement(name = "return")
    private Item _return;

    public Item getReturn() {
        return this._return;
    }

    public void setReturn(Item _return) {
        this._return = _return;
    }
   
...
}


JAX-WS delegates all data binding functionality to JAXB 2.0:
jaxb.gif.gif

After deployment on Glassfish you can access a web client tester application provided by the Glassfish Application Server at the  URL for the Web Service followed by "?Tester"  for example :  http://host:8080/SpringWS-war/CatalogService?Tester. Below is the Web Service Tester interface for the CatalogService. It provides an easy way to call the Web Service operations from a browser.

testws.jpg

Here is an example soap request and response for the getItems WebService operation:

SOAP Request

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
    <soapenv:Header/>
    <soapenv:Body>
        <ns1:getItems>
            <arg0>0</arg0>
            <arg1>2</arg1>
        </ns1:getItems>
    </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

SOAP Response

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
    <soapenv:Body>
        <ns1:getItemsResponse>
            <return>
                <address>
                    <addressid>1</addressid>
                    <city>Mountain View</city>
                    <latitude>37.3857400000</latitude>
                    <longitude>-122.0839730000</longitude>
                    <state>CA</state>
                    <street1>Castro St</street1>
                    <street2/>
                    <zip>94040</zip>
                </address>
                <description>super friendly</description>
                <itemid>1</itemid>
                <name>Friendly Cat</name>
                <numberofvotes>3</numberofvotes>
                <price>307.10</price>
                <totalscore>15</totalscore>
            </return>
            <return>
                <address>
                    <addressid>2</addressid>
                    <city>Foster City</city>
                    <latitude>37.5469350000</latitude>
                    <longitude>-122.2639780000</longitude>
                    <state>CA</state>
                    <street1>Shell Blvd & Beach Park Blvd</street1>
                    <street2/>
                    <zip>94404</zip>
                </address>
                <description>A great pet</description>
                <itemid>2</itemid>
                <name>Friendly Cat</name>
                <numberofvotes>3</numberofvotes>
                <price>307.00</price>
                <totalscore>15</totalscore>
            </return>
        </ns1:getItemsResponse>
    </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

Explanation of the JSF Store UI which uses JAX-WS to call the Catalog Web Service.

The JSF Store UI is a separate web application which is a JAX-WS client.

jaxws-ClientService.gif


The List.jsp page uses a JSF dataTable component to display a list of catalog items. The dataTable component is useful when you want to show a set of results in a table.

In the List.jsp web page the dataTable is defined as shown below:

Code Sample from:  List.jsp

<h:dataTable value='#{item.items}' var='dataTableItem' border="1"
      cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">

The value attribute of a dataTable tag references the data to be included in the table. The var attribute points to a single item in that list. As the dataTable JSF component iterates through the list, each reference to dataTableItem points to the current item in the list.

The dataTable's value is bound to the items property of the ItemController managed-bean  class, which is defined in the faces-config.xml


Code Sample from: faces-context.xml
  <application>
    <variable-resolver>
      org.springframework.web.jsf.DelegatingVariableResolver
    </variable-resolver>
 </application>
 <managed-bean>
    <managed-bean-name>item</managed-bean-name>
      <managed-bean-class>
         sessionpagination.ItemController
      </managed-bean-class>
    <managed-bean-scope>session</managed-bean-scope>
 </managed-bean>

The  recommended way to integrate Spring with JSF is to configure the Spring DelegatingVariableResolver in the faces-context.xml.  The <application> <variable-resolver> elements in a faces-config.xml file allows a Faces-based application to register a custom replacement class for the implementation of the standard Faces VariableResolver implementation. The Spring DelegatingVariableResolver  first delegates to the original resolver of the underlying JSF implementation, then to the Spring root WebApplicationContext.


This ItemController ManagedBean items property is defined as shown below (the orange color highlights the JAX-WS dynamic proxy classes and methods):

Code Sample from: ItemController.java

 public class ItemController {

  @WebServiceRef(wsdlLocation = "http://localhost:8080/CatalogService/Catalog?wsdl")
  private CatalogService service;

  public DataModel getItems() {
      if (model==null  || index != firstItem){
          model=getNextItems();
      }
      return this.model;
  }
  public DataModel getNextItems() {
      Catalog port = service.getCatalogPort();
      model = new ListDataModel(port.getItems( firstItem,batchSize));
      return model;
  }

The ItemController ManagedBean uses dependency injection to obtain a reference to the CatalogService JAX-WS proxy factory class, which is generated from the Catalog WSDL file using the wsimport utility. (To see how to do this easily with Netbeans see the  Netbeans Web Services (JAX-WS) in Java EE 5 tutorial). The ItemController retrieves a proxy to the service by calling getCatalogPort() on the CatalogService, which returns the Catalog Service Endpoint Interface.  The proxy implements the Catalog Service Endpoint Interface defined by the Catalog service. The ItemController can then invoke the port’s getItems method.  The dynamic proxy and jaxb classes convert the WS method into a SOAP request and send it to the Web service's endpoint,  receive the SOAP response, and transform the SOAP response into the java method's return object which in this case is a List<Item>.

The getItems() method wraps a List of items, returned from the Catalog Service,  in a DataModel.   The dataTable JSF component supports data binding to a collection of data objects represented by a DataModel instance.  The data collection underlying a DataModel instance is modeled as a collection of row objects that can be accessed by a row index.  The APIs provide mechanisms to position to a specified row index, and to retrieve an object that represents the data that corresponds to the current row index.   

The Name, Photo, and Price item properties are displayed  with the JSF column component:

Code Sample from: List.jsp

  <h:column>
      <f:facet name="header">
          <h:outputText value="Price"/>
      </f:facet>
      <h:outputText value="#{dataTableItem.price}"/>
  </h:column>

The column tags represent columns of data in a dataTable. The dataTable JSF  component  iterates through the list of items (item.items) each time rendering one cell in each column and displaying  the item name, photo, and price.

For more information on the JSF part of this code see this previous blog.

Configuration of the XML files for Spring 2.0, JSF, and JPA, running on Glassfish
  •  The /WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml file is where you define your Spring service beans, and resources. Below is the applicationContext.xml for the sample Catalog app.  For more information about configuring the Spring applicationContext.xml for JPA see this article: Using the Java Persistence API (JPA) with Spring 2.0

Code Sample from: applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd">
   
    <bean id="catalogService" class="service.Catalog"/>     
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="loadTimeWeaver">
            <bean class="org.springframework.instrument.classloading.glassfish.GlassFishLoadTimeWeaver"/>
        </property>
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean
                class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.TopLinkJpaVendorAdapter">
                <property name="showSql" value="true" />
                <property name="generateDdl" value="false" />
                <property name="databasePlatform"
                          value="oracle.toplink.essentials.platform.database.DerbyPlatform" />
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>      
    <bean id="dataSource"
          class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.ClientDriver" />
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/pet-catalog" />
        <property name="username" value="app" />
        <property name="password" value="app" />
    </bean>     
    <bean class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor"/>   
    <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/>      
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>   
    <tx:annotation-driven />  
   
</beans>


Code Sample from: web.xml

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        </listener-class>
    </listener>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>    
          org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener     
        </listener-class>
    </listener>   
   

  • For the JSF UI and Spring add the DelegatingVariableResolver  to the faces-config.xml : 
Code Sample from: faces-config.xml

  <application>
    <variable-resolver>
    org.springframework.web.jsf.DelegatingVariableResolver 
    </variable-resolver>
 </application>
 <managed-bean>
    <managed-bean-name>item</managed-bean-name>
      <managed-bean-class>
         sessionpagination.ItemController
      </managed-bean-class>
    <managed-bean-scope>session</managed-bean-scope>
 </managed-bean>




Conclusion

The sample Store Catalog application demonstrates how to expose Spring bean methods which use  the Java Persistence APIs as Web Service operations using JAX-WS.
The sample JSF Store UI application  demonstrates how to use  the JSF dataTable and DataModel to page through a list of  Items which are retrieved from the Catalog Service using JAX-WS.


Running the Sample Application on Glassfish:

Setting Things Up

  1. Download and install NetBeans 5.5.1.
  2. Download and unzip Spring 2.1 (download the with dependencies version).
  3. Download and install GlassFish V1.
    Alternatively you can use Sun Java System Application Server PE 9, Sun's binary distribution of GlassFish.
  4. Add the GlassFish server to NetBeans:

    • Start NetBeans and switch to the Runtime window (Ctrl+5).
    • Right-click the Servers node and select Add Server.
    • Select Sun Java System Application Server.
    • Browse to the location where you installed GlassFish and select Finish

Create the Spring Library in NetBeans

  1. Open the NetBeans Library Manager (in the Tools menu) and create a new library called Spring.
  2. Add the following jars to the class path:

       dist/spring.jar
       dist/weaving/spring-aspects.jar
       lib/jakarta-commons/commons-logging.jar
       lib/log4j/log4j-1.2.9.jar .

  3. Set the Sources to the Spring src directory.
  4. Set the Javadoc to the Spring docs\api directory.

Open and Run the Sample code SpringWS:

  1. Download the  Sample Application Code SpringWS.zip and SpringWSClient.zip and extract their contents. You should now see the newly extracted directory as <sample_install_dir>/SpringWS, and <sample_install_dir>/SpringWSClient, where <sample_install_dir> is the directory where you installed the sample package. For example, if you extracted the contents to C:\ on a Windows machine, then your newly created directory should be at C:\SpringWS.

  2. Start the NetBeans IDE. Click Open Project in the File menu and select the SpringWS directory you just unzipped. The SpringWS application is a NetBeans Enterprise Application Project, which is actually comprised of two projects: SpringWS and SpringWS-war. SpringWS-war is a Java EE Module of the SpringWS project. SpringWS-war generates the war file and SpringWS generates the ear file which contains the war.

    You will see a Reference Problems dialog when you open the project. That's because the Enterprise Application Project stores the absolute location to its J2EE Modules. To resolve the reference problems, you need to configure the location for the SpringWS-war. However, first click Close in the dialog. The SpringWS project will be in bold red meaning that it still has reference problems.
  3. Right click the SpringWS project and select Resolve Reference Problems from the context menu. Use the Resolve Reference Problems dialog to map the SpringWS-war module to its project, which you'll find is a subdirectory beneath the SpringWS directory.

  4. Right click the SpringWS project and select Open Required Projects. Now that the dependencies are correct, the SpringWS-war project will always open with the SpringWS project. However, there are additional references problems with the web module because it references the Spring jar files that are needed to build the project.

  5. Add the Spring library to the SpringWS-war. In the Project window under SpringWS-war:

    • Right click on Libraries and select Add Library.
    • Select the Spring Library in the list, then click Add Library.

  6. Edit the properties in the SpringWS\setup\javadb.properties file, as appropriate.

  7. Start the Java DB database as follows:

    • Select Java DB Database in the Tools menu.
    • Select Start Java DB Server.

  8. Build the project as follows:

    • Right click the SpringWS node in the Projects window.
    • Select Build Project.

  9. Run the project as follows:

    • Right click the SpringWS node in the Projects window.
    • Select Run Project.
When you run the project, your browser should display the web service client Tester application provided by the Glassfish Application Server at the url :  http://localhost:8080/SpringWS-war/CatalogService?Tester .
You should see the tester page. For the getItems operation type in integer the integers 0, 5 as input and click on the getItems button. This will return a list of  items 0 through 5.

testws.jpg

If  this does not work,
  • Right click the SpringWS node in the Projects window.
  • Select Deploy Project.
then open the browser and use the url   http://host:8080/CatalogService/Catalog?wsdl , this will display the wsdl if the application deployed correctly. Then try the web service test client url http://localhost:8080/SpringWS-war/CatalogService?Tester .

Open and Run the Sample code WSClient:

  1. In Netbeans Click Open Project in the File menu and select the SpringWSClient directory you just unzipped. The SpringWSClient project is  a web project which creates the   SpringWSClient-war. 

  2. Add the Spring library to the SpringWSClient . In the Project window under SpringWSClient :

    • Right click on Libraries and select Add Library.
    • Select the Spring Library in the list, then click Add Library.

  3. Build the project as follows:

    • Right click the SpringWSClient node in the Projects window.
    • Select Build Project.

  4. Run the project as follows:

    • Right click the SpringWSClient node in the Projects window.
    • Select Run Project.
When you run the project, your browser should display the opening page of the JSF, JAX-WS, Java Persistence API, and Spring 2.0 Sample Application (at http://localhost:8080/SpringWSClient/ )

run.jpg

References:



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