Francois Orsini's Blog

Java Remains No. 1 Programming Language

Interesting article from JDJ Java News Desk.

Java now holds the market penetration lead at 45%.

Note that Ajax grew (by 10%) to reach a total penetration level of 28%.

Java DB is now part of Sun's JDK

Pure fiction or reality? well, this is one of the two and yes it has become a reality! - It is a very exciting event indeed to have an Open Source Java Database System bundled into Sun's *latest* 1.6 JDK (Mustang build 88 to be more precised), and at no cost.

Java DB is based on Apache Derby and is Sun's redistribution of this last one.

It is a fully transactional, Java technology-based relational database with support for open standards such as SQL, JDBC, Java EE, Java ME CDC – concurrent users, triggers, Java stored procedures and encryptable databases, it is only 2 MB and free! Java DB is based on an Apache project with a strong and growing community which includes developers from Sun and IBM.

Sun's JDK 1.6 Build 88 is now available at http://download.java.net/jdk6/binaries/

You will find the distribution of Java DB under the 'db' directory of the main JDK install.

The release of Java DB bundled with the JDK is a 10.2 Alpha version. See David Van couvering's weblog entry regarding database upgrade limitation and how to get support from Sun and/or the Apache Derby comunity.

This allows Java developers to build applications even more rapidly and easily by having access to a Java Database which implements many features from the latest JDBC4 API Specification, directly out of the JDK.

Java DB is easy to use and can run embedded as part of your application, as well as in a client/server topology. It can be deployed via Java Web Start, compressed down to around ~650KB and easily embeddable into a web browser as a Java plug-in extension.

Congratulations to all the persons involved who made this possible!

Embedding Apache Derby in Mozilla Firefox demo posted

This demo showcases Java DB (based on Apache Derby) running embedded within a web browser.

At the present time, this demo runs on Mozilla Firefox and Mozilla Navigator web browsers - The HTML and javascript would have to be modified in order to run on other web browsers such as Microsoft Internet Explorer.

This Web application demonstrates how an embedded database can be used to persist data from a tax return being created either online or offline. The application can be deployed manually or automatically using Sun's Java Plug-in with installing the application as a Java Extension.

Apache Derby will run embedded within the browser and act as a local storage and cache for this last one.

You can now get all the information about the demo embedding JavaDB within a web browser, which was shown at ApacheCon 05'.

Direct link to the demo information page can be found at http://developers.sun.com/prodtech/javadb/overview/product_tour/index.jsp.

The minimal requirement for the demo is to install Sun's Java plug-in extension for the web browser. This demo does not run on Apple Mac OS X yet (work in progress).

You can also read some additional information on a previous blog entry.

Compressing Apache Derby w/ Pack200

PACK200 (JSR-200) is a very interesting feature that is available as part of Java 5.

In order to increase network server, availability and bandwidth , two new compression formats have been made available to Java deployment of applications and applets: gzip and Pack200.

HTTP compression is implemented in Java Web Start and Java Plug-in in compliance with HTTP 1.1 RFC 2616. If a client does not support this type of compression then a web server will send a non-compressed JAR or a format that the client can process.

More information about Pack200 at:
http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/deployment/deployment-guide/pack200.html

I have compressed the Apache Derby engine JAR file (derby.jar) using pack200 and the resulting JAR went from 2,131,777 to 630,520 bytes (~2MB down to 600K for the database core engine!). Uncompression happens on the client side automatically once the pack200 compressed JAR has been fetched.

To compress/pack the JAR archive:
$ pack200 derby.jar.pack.gz derby.jar

It then can be stored on a HTTP 1.1 compliant web server and if a web client support pack200-gzip encoding (specified as part of the HTTP request), then the server will send that compressed JAR down - otherwise the server will stream/send a format that the client can process (compressed {gzip} or not {.jar}).

To unpack (manually):
$ unpack200 derby.jar.pack.gz derby.jar (the unpack operation is actually pretty fast)

This is quite good when one needs to deploy Apache Derby over a network (i.e. Applet using Derby with the Java plug-in, etc) or as part of some installer who would want to pack JARs even more efficiently and then unpack them during install (unpack200{.exe} is a standalone executable that can be included as part of an installer)

pack200 and unpack200 are pure executable(s) that do not require a JVM to be present or run at the time an archive is compressed or uncompressed (i.e. during installation)

unpack200 (Unix) or unpack200.exe(Windows) included as part of the JRE as well (under bin)

Pack200 also has a Java API (java.util.jar.Pack200):
http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/java/util/jar/Pack200.html
The packer engine is used by application developers to deploy or host JAR files on a website. The unpacker engine is used by deployment applications to transform the byte-stream back to JAR format.

This does not reduce the runtime footprint of Apache Derby - it basically provides means to reduce the network footprint of JARs during download. Pack200 also supports the packing of *signed* JARs.